Both Red and Blue will be penalized. Blue becomes overlapped from clear astern
and remains overlapped within two hull-lengths. Therefore Blue remains subject
to rule 17 and must not
sail above her proper course. It will be hard to believe any claim by Blue that
her new course is her proper course. Otherwise she would have sailed this course
before she established this leeward overlap. Therefore Blue infringes rule 17 and will be penalized.
However, Red is obliged by rule 11 to try to keep clear
of the leeward boat, even one that is breaking a rule. Here, Red takes no avoiding
action at all and will also be penalized for infringing rule
11, Red cannot be exonerated from this infringement under rule
64.1(a) because she was not compelled to break rule
11 by Blue's infringement.