Red breaks rule 16.1 and will be penalized. Since Blue tack in the zone
and Red establish a late inside overlap, rule
18.3(b) applies and Blue shall give mark-room.
Because Red luffs above her proper
course her infringement of rule 16.1 is not exonerated by rule 21(a). Blue unavoidably breaks rule 11, but she is exonerated by rule
64.1(a). See also Case 93.